Atheros Cards

Airport Express

Atheros Wireless cards should work automatically with the new kernel by installing the proprietary driver. At installation, after the first reboot, you will be prompted whether to use the proprietary drivers.
It should no longer be necessary to install the following package:
sudo apt-get install madwifi-tools
These instructions for the Atheros 802.11 b/g integrated card are here for reference only (or if you wish to install them manually instead):
· Download the latest 'snapshot' driver from Madwifi. When I was doing it, the version was:
madwifi-hal-0.10.5.6-current.tar.gz
· Extract the files
· Make sure your linux headers and build-essential packages are installed:
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)
· Unload any drivers already running.
sudo ifconfig ath0 down
sudo ifconfig wifi0 down
· Change to the directory where you extracted the driver.
cd
· From that directory, run the installation scripts:
cd scripts
sudo ./madwifi-unload
sudo ./find-madwifi-modules.sh $(uname -r)
cd ..
· Complete the installation by compiling the source and installing it.
sudo make
sudo make install
· Add the installed drivers to your system.
sudo modprobe ath_pci
Following this, Network Manager was able to see the wireless card and I was able to configure everything else (WEP / WPA key, etc.) from there.
Complete instructions are available at MadWifi UserDocs.
Atheros AR242x

Alternate instructions for installing the Atheros AR242x card are here.